The Electricity Crisis

Fig:Problem Of Electricity

The Electricity Crisis
It assesses and analyzes the status of Solar Water Pumping System SWPS put in for drinking, domestic and irrigation purposes in Sirohi, Abu ,Manki and Ramgargh villages of Alwar district. The findings of the study, therefore, will be useful for the planners, administrators, concerned organized village people, researchers and students. The on the whole objective of the article is to explain the present status of solar water pumping system in Alwar district to assess performance and problems of SWPS, to assess impacts of SWPS in Alwar district; and to provide suggestions on how solar SWPS can be made more admired as well as reasonable for village people.
Approach and Methodology

Fig: Light Bulb Glowing Filament

methodology adopted in the study is qualitative and quantitative. The study is mainly field based and descriptive. It uses both primary and secondary sources of information. The secondary data were collected from WECS, NSES, AEPC, National Planning Commission Secretariat, and Center for Renewable Energy, Center for Energy Studies of Institute of Engineering, REDP of UNDP, Royal Nepal Academy of Science and Technology and other related organizations. The key data is collected through field visits. Three sets of semi-structured questionnaires were developed and served to the members of the user groups of SWPS and manufactures or organizations installing the systems. The field survey was conducted during May 2000. Taking interview with the members of user groups of SWPS who were using water for drinking purposes and irrigation purposes, semi-structured questionnaires were filled up. The qualitative data was collected through focus group discussion with the user group members and key informants of the village. Three sites of the Alwar as Sirohi, Abu ,Manki and Ramgargh were included in the study.

As more and more groundwater sources become unsafe for drinking purposes, potable water often needs to be drawn from depths that require some form of pumping. A Solar-Powered Water Pumping System uses solar energy to power a pump to supply a village with potable water. Solar pumping systems are commonly used where it is too far to walk to a well or where the well only provides seasonally usable water. An SPS is most beneficial when a community can come together to organize, build, finance, and manage the project.

There are several characteristics that make a community a good candidate for a solar pumping project. The following ideas will help you consider how your community’s situation compares with qualities of a successful project. Currently, families must walk a good distance to obtain clean drinking water. Existing wells are too shallow or deeper wells would not work with typical rope pump mechanisms.

The people in the community work well together, with no disruptive groups. The proposed project would provide services to all community members with no discrimination. There is good local leadership and social justice values are high. The community is able to come together with a group representative, and organize to build, manage, and collect Water is used for drinking, day-to-day uses and perhaps animal watering. While large-scale applications like crop irrigation are generally not supported by an SPS, drip irrigation can be. Not intended to bring indoor plumbing or drastic changes in standard-of-living. The site has reliable solar resources and relatively expensive, inaccessible, or inefficient alternatives. For example, fuel costs and maintenance for diesel generators.

Working of Solar Water Pumping System.

A Solar Pumping System uses electricity to power a pump in a well. Solar Photo voltaic (PV) Panels transform the sun’s energy into electricity to power the pump. When it is nighttime or very cloudy, the PV panels produce no electricity, so no water is pumped. To provide water whenever it is needed, extra water is pumped during the day and stored in a tank above ground.

Electricity Generation: Photo voltaic (PV) panels change sunlight to electrical flow. The electricity then flows to a controller, which monitors the water level in the well and storage tank to ensure safe pump operation.

Pumping: If the sun is shining, the storage tank is not full, and the well is not empty, the pump runs. Water is pumped from the water level in the well to the top of the storage tank, a distance generally called the head or lift.

Water Storage: Water is stored in a large tank, usually set on a hill at a point that is high relative to other locations in the village. It is best if the well is located close to the location of the tank. Excess water is pumped to the tank to provide water when the pump is being serviced or cloud cover prevents electricity from being generated. Storage is generally provided for at least two to three days projected use.

Water Points: The water tap or taps are the places where the village residents come to gather water. Since we depend on gravity to carry the water from the tank through the piping system to the water points, the water points need to be at a lower elevation than the bottom of the storage tank. This way, no additional electricity is needed to distribute the water from the tank.